2022年7月17日 Emily Chia
什么是幼儿涂鸦？
涂鸦和绘图是学习写字的第一步。 涂鸦可能对成年人没有任何意义。 它们看起来像很多线条、循环和曲线。 但这些标记对幼儿来说非常重要。 这就是孩子通过书写来思考的方式。 绘画和涂鸦是孩子以后发展写字技巧的第一步.
下面我们来看看 1.5 到 3 岁之间的涂鸦阶段。 虽然大多数孩子都会经历所有的阶段，但他们在何时以及如何做到，这一点存在很大差异。 有些人可能会迅速从一个阶段跳出来，而有些人可能会需要一段时间掌握。重要的是，你的孩子在 18 个月大的时候已经开始涂鸦了。
涂鸦的阶段
1. 不受控制的涂鸦
在蹒跚学步的孩子发现能在绘图表面上使用绘图工具时会产生标记后，她就进入了随意涂鸦的阶段。在这个阶段，涂鸦不是关于她在画什么，而是学习关于感官体验：注意不同的绘图工具和材料如感觉和气味，从中并了解她需要用某些工具（如蜡笔）更加努力地做出标记。在这一点上，她正在使用大臂运动来制作圆点和其他大标记，甚至可能将它们从纸上移开。
2. 受控涂鸦
随着她的精细运动技能和手眼协调能力的提高，涂鸦变得更有控制力和有目的性。你可以帮助她学习制作不同类型的小线条，包括水平、垂直和曲线。当她练习不同的线条时，她可能会一遍又一遍地做出相同类型的标记。她也可能会更加意识到有意识地使用不同的颜色。
3. 命名涂鸦
随着不断增长的认知技能会进入下一个阶段：他们理解绘画可以象征其他事物。虽然提前计划要画什么，但你的小家伙会在这个阶段为她的画命名。她可能会在一张纸上填满形状和线条，然后称它为花猫。对你来说，它可能看起来不像一只猫，但无论如何都要称赞和认可她的作品；这是您孩子认知和语言发展的一大步。
在这个阶段，宝宝的涂鸦更加受控制，她的线条和形状变化多端、更小、更清晰。她甚至可以尝试画故事或信件。
下一步是什么呢·！
大约在 3 岁左右，简笔画就出现了。 你的孩子的第一个简笔画可能是带有线条的圆圈（同样，不同文化的孩子倾向于以类似的方式画简笔画）。 从那里开始，她的绘画将不断发展，变得更有计划、更明确、更容易辨认和更有创意。
涂鸦与绘画
绘画对幼儿很重要，因为它鼓励想象力和形象化。 不要鼓励“抄袭”或“涂色”，这会埋没他们的想象力，鼓励他们发挥想象力。 作为一个成年人，你可以用鼓励方式问“那是什么？” 如果他们愿意回答就会告诉你的！ 这时候可要记得不要催促您的孩子完成涂鸦阶段喔！
鼓励涂鸦和绘画的方法:-
1.准备好纸、铅笔、蜡笔和白板笔，让孩子们可以随时使用它们来涂鸦或绘画。
2. 收集印在一侧的纸/回收纸。让孩子可以在纸的背面涂鸦和绘画，而且是免费的！
3. 收起涂色书。 让孩子们可以自由地创作自己的图片并使用自己的想法。 如果成人无法识别孩子在画什么，也没关系。 最重要的是孩子自己要知道。
4. 鼓励孩子在游戏中使用他们的涂鸦技巧。 如果他们在玩汽车和卡车或假装他们在经营一家商店，他们可能会喜欢做标志。 把纸剪成小块，让孩子们自己制作游戏币和收银机收据。 将几张纸夹在一起，做成一个垫子，供男服务员和女服务员在餐厅写下订单。
总之，家长需要提供适当的空间和设备，以在早期提高孩子学前写字的掌握技能。
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July 17, 2022 Emily Chia
What are Scribbling Skills in Early Year?
Scribbling and drawing are the first steps in learning to write. Scribbling may not mean anything to adults. They look like a lot of lines, loops, and curves. But these marks are very important for young children. This is how children think through writing. Drawing and Scribbling are the first steps in a child's later development of writing skills.
Let's take a look at the graffiti stage between 1.5 and 3 years old. While most children go through all the stages, when and how they do it varies greatly. Some may jump out of a stage quickly, while others may take a while to master. It is important that your child has already started to scribble by the age of 18 months.
Stages of Scribbling
1. Uncontrolled Scribbling
After the toddler discovered that she could use drawing tools on a drawing surface to create marks, she entered the scribbling phase. At this stage, scribbling is not about what she is drawing, but about learning about the sensory experience: pay attention to different drawing tools and materials such as feel and smell, and understand that she needs to work harder with certain tools (like crayons) to make marks. At this point, she's using big arm movements to make dots and other large marks, and maybe even move them off the paper.
2. Controlled Scribbling
Scribbling became more controlled and purposeful as her fine motor skills and hand-eye coordination improved. You can help her learn to make different types of small lines, including horizontal, vertical, and curved lines. As she practices different lines, she may make the same type of marks over and over. She may also become more aware of the conscious use of different colors.
3. Named Scribbling
With growing cognitive skills they move on to the next stage: they understand that paintings can symbolize other things. While planning ahead for what to draw, your little one will name her drawing at this stage. She might fill a piece of paper with shapes and lines and call it a tabby cat. It may not look like a cat to you, but praise and acknowledge her work anyway; it's a huge step in your child's cognitive and language development.
At this stage, your baby's scribbling is more controlled, her lines and shapes are varied, smaller, and sharper. She can even try to draw stories or letters.
What's next?!
Around the age of 3, figures appear. Your child's first figure may be circled with lines (again, children of different cultures tend to draw figures in a similar way). From there, her paintings will continue to evolve, becoming more planned, defined, recognizable, and creative.
Scribbling & Painting
Drawing is important for young children because it encourages imagination and visualization. Don't encourage "plagiarism" or "coloring", it will bury their imagination and encourage them to use it. As an adult, you can ask "what's that?" in an encouraging way, and they'll let you know if they're willing to answer! At this time, remember not to urge your child to complete the scribble stage!
Ways to Encourage Scribbling and Painting:-
1. Have paper, pencils, crayons, and whiteboard pens ready for kids to use whenever they want to scribble or draw.
2. Gather the paper/recycled paper printed on one side. Let your kids scribble and draw on the back of the paper, for free!
3. Put away the coloring book. Give children the freedom to create their own pictures and use their own ideas. It's okay if the adult can't recognize what the child is drawing. The most important thing is for the child to know for himself.
4. Encourage children to use their scribbling skills in the game. If they're playing with cars and trucks or pretending they're running a store, they might enjoy making signs. Cut the paper into small pieces and let the children make their own game coins and cash register receipts. Clip a few sheets of paper together to make a pad for waiters and waitresses to write down orders at the restaurant.
In conclusion, parents need to provide appropriate space and equipment to improve their child's preschool writing skills from an early age.
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